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The Development History of CNC Machine Tools

Time:2023-04-08

High speed, high precision, high reliability, compounding, intelligence, flexibility, integration, and openness are the main development directions of the CNC machine tool industry today.

Numerical control technology has a history of more than 40 years. It is a comprehensive new discipline developed from four basic disciplines: mechanics, control, electronics and computer science. The need for technological development has put forward higher requirements for CNC technology in the 21st century.

1、 Personalized development trend

1. High speed, precision, and reliability

High speed: Increase feed speed and spindle speed.

High precision: Its accuracy ranges from micrometer level to submicron level, and even nanometer level (high reliability: Generally, the reliability of CNC systems is higher than that of CNC equipment by more than one order of magnitude, but it is not necessarily that the higher the reliability, the better the product, because the product is constrained by the performance price ratio.

2. Compound

The core of the development of functional compounding in CNC machine tools is to complete various operating procedures such as turning, milling, drilling, tapping, reaming, and expanding on a single machine tool, thereby improving the efficiency and machining accuracy of the machine tool and enhancing production flexibility.

3. Intelligence

The content of intelligence includes various aspects in CNC systems: to pursue intelligence in processing efficiency and quality; To enhance the intelligence of driving performance and convenient connection; Simplify programming and simplify operations with intelligence; There are also contents such as intelligent automatic programming, intelligent human-machine interface, as well as intelligent diagnosis, intelligent monitoring, etc., which facilitate system diagnosis and maintenance.

4. Flexibility and integration

The trend of the development of CNC machine tools in the world towards flexible automation system is: from point (CNC single machine, machining center and CNC compound machining machine tools), line (FMC, FMS, FTL, FML) to plane (independent manufacturing island FA of workshop in section), body (CIMS, distributed network integrated manufacturing system), on the other hand, to focus on application and economy. Flexible automation technology is the main means for manufacturing industry to adapt to the dynamic market demand and the rapid updating of products. It is the mainstream trend of manufacturing industry development in various countries and the basic technology in advanced manufacturing field.

2、 Personalization is the trend of market adaptability development

In today's market, the pattern of international cooperation is gradually forming, product competition is becoming increasingly fierce, the demand for efficient and high-precision processing methods is constantly upgrading, and the personalized requirements of users are becoming increasingly strong. Specialized, specialized, and high-tech machine tools are increasingly favored by users.

3、 Openness is the development trend of architecture

The development core of the new generation of CNC systems is openness. Openness is an open system consisting of both software and hardware platforms, adopting a modular and hierarchical structure, and providing a unified application interface through formal means.

To solve the problems of traditional CNC system closure and industrial production of CNC application software. At present, many countries are conducting research on open CNC systems, and the openness of CNC systems has become the future path of CNC systems. At present, the architecture specifications, communication specifications, configuration specifications, operating platforms, CNC system functional libraries, and CNC system functional software development tools of open CNC systems are the core of current research. Networked CNC equipment has been a new focus in the past two years. The networking of CNC equipment will greatly meet the needs of production lines, manufacturing systems, and manufacturing enterprises for information integration, and is also the fundamental unit for implementing new manufacturing models such as agile manufacturing, virtual enterprises, and global manufacturing. Some famous CNC machine tools and CNC system manufacturing companies both domestically and internationally have launched relevant new concepts and prototypes in the past two years.